Nobody is aiming to exclude people from participating in the Internet, but PI isn't the *only* way.
IP addresses (PA and PI) are not just used for the Internet. Many IP address blocks are only used on IP internetworks that are not part of the public Internet. Some of these internetworks allow limited traffic exchange with the public Internet through NAT gateways. Others allow no traffic interchange at all and enforce this with firewalls in case participants fail to maintain the air gap between their Internet connections and the other internetwork. Most of these IP address blocks, PI and PA, are not used by a military organization. They tend to be used by business federations and by companies providing a business service to customers over a non-public internetwork. RFC 2050 paragraph 3(a) specifically allows for IP address allocations/assignments to these non-Internet uses. When RIPE is making policy about IP address use, we should be careful to not be Internet-centric because that could be interpreted as anti-competition. Companies can justify PI assignments or PA allocations/assignments independently of whether they intend to connect to the public Internet. As far as participating in the Internet, not all organizations necessarily want 100% global connectivity. In particular, organizations in countries with a non-colonial language may only want connectivity to a few countries which they consider to be their "community" or their "market". For the record, colonial languages are those like English, French, Spanish, and Russian which are widely used outside of their area of origin due to a previous history as the language of empire. You can understand that a business who markets services in Hungarian might only want connectivity to Hungary, Rumania, Austria, Slovakia, and Ukraine where there is a population of Hungarian native speakers. They might do this by buying connectivity to multiple local ISPs in this region and asking those ISPs to not forward their announced route(s). That is a valid use of a PI assignment for multihoming that does not result in the use of a slot in the global routing table. --Michael Dillon P.S. my choice of Hungarian was entirely random. The same thing applies for languages like Catalan, Italian, Albanian, German, etc.