The real problem behind this is that taxpayers money is spent build something that we already have in the first place: - X.25 connectivity for PAD and public X.400 interconnectivity - a Ebone structure taht will be able to allow a multitude of different service providrs to interact with Internet IP and soon ISO IP. We don't need taxpeyers to put up risk capital to "develop" X.25 and IP as a service. I argue that if a service provider wnat to try his luck on this market he should do so without risk capital from me. The effect is counter productive, by subzidizing one service provider the others may loose customers, are you all aware of this out there? We have been able to initialize a market, don't spoil it Waht we do need is risk capital from tax payers to show new applications so taht the service providers will invest in higher bandwidth network solutions for mulitmedia mail and video conferencing. Step 1 34 Mbps addtional bandwidth support to Ebone, maybe PTT telcomm is interested to prowide this for the same amount of money? Step 2 Separate testbed to try new concepts and protocol structures --mats Who would want to participate in an IP *pilot*, when we have a globe-wide, reliable, and well-managed IP *service* right behind our keyboards???